Menopause | Medtick

Menopause

What is it?

A condition where a women’s eggs are near the end of their life cycle (final menstrual periods) due to a lack of hormone oestrogen in their blood.

  • If one has a lack of period and/or have lighter and/or less frequent periods then this condition should be considered.
  • Some women have menopause before 40 years (premature ovarian failure) or have conditions causing menopause such as injury to ovaries.
  • One’s ovaries don’t slow their function in a predictable way (some months one may have strong symptoms of menopause while others one does not) and is known as the perimenopause phase
  • This phase can be a period of two to five years.
  • Menopause is not reversible, once your ovaries have stopped producing hormones, one will no longer have a period.
  • Menopause is defined as when a woman has ceased having periods for 12 months.
This condition can be mistaken for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

  • Defined as a time period preceding cessation of menstruation. Perimenopause lasts for 7 years on average but can have a duration of up to 14 years.
  • During perimenopause, many women experience symptoms associated with corresponding changes in hormone levels.
  • The perimenopausal stage may involve a range of symptoms. Some of these symptoms may continue or change when a woman reaches menopause. The most common and well-recognized symptom of perimenopause is a change in menstrual pattern, which may include irregular periods, lighter periods, shorter periods, longer periods, or heavier periods.
  • Additionally, some patients may experience menstrual bleeding for 1-2 days between their periods, with the period lasting for 3-5 days.

National Institute on Aging. What is menopause?

  • Common symptoms of perimenopause include:
    • Irregular menstrual periods
    • Mood changes
    • Sleep disturbances
    • Fatigue
    • Brain fog
    • Hot flushes
    • Night sweats
    • Weight gain
    • Muscle or joint aches and pains
    • Nasal congestion
    • Worsening headaches or migraines

Flanagan MR, Fantasia HC. Comprehensive management of menopausal symptoms. Nurs Womens Health. 2024 Aug 27:S1751-4851(24)00167-3.


Diagnosis Tests
  • Wellspring (helps clarify menopause guidelines from the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) while fostering shared decision-making with evidence-based data)

Cause

Premature ovarian failure maybe due to:

Syndromes 

Treatments

  • Hysterectomy (remove womb)
  • Pelvic radiotherapy
  • Pelvic chemotherapy
  • Surgery to remove ovaries (bilateral oophorectomy surgery)

Symptoms

(Symptoms can vary)

  • Headache which is on and off or a constant headache longer than 24 hours?
  • High temperature greater than 38°C (100°F) or over and/or chills and sweats longer than 72 hours?
  • Night sweats?
  • Swollen ankles?
  • Heart palpitations, irregular heartbeats?
  • Recurrent cystitis/vaginal conditions?
  • Woman experience dryness and itching in vagina making sexual intercourse painful (walls of vagina lose moisture and become thinner leading to vaginal discomfort, painful sex and/or  vaginal infections)?
  • Increase thirst, heavy sweating and need to urinate frequently?
  • Hot flushes/ flushed face (hot flash lasts anywhere from one to five minutes, and most women will have at least one per day)?
  • Sleep disturbance?
  • Osteoporosis symptoms?
  • Loss interest of sex and/or low sex drive?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • Memory loss?
  • Weight gain (especially around the waist)?
  • Loss of muscle and/or muscle are shrinking(flabby arms, belly and legs)?
  • Anxiety and/or mood swings?
  • Low mood and/or depression?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Do not wait, phone for an ambulance if have or develop:


This condition can lead to:

This condition can lead to less common conditions and symptoms:

  • Aching muscles, spasm and stiffness
  • Asthma
  • Balance and dizziness
  • Burning sensation in the mouth
  • Change in breath odour or a “bad taste” in the mouth
  • Change in body odour
  • Indigestion
  • Hair loss
  • Joint stiffness and pain
  • Low blood pressure
  • Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
  • Strange dreams
  • Unusual neurological experiences like “creepy crawly” feelings in the skin, tingling, numbness, itching, “electric shocks”

verywell Health


Leukoplakia

  • Some women may develop leukoplakia on the outside of their genitals in the vulva area as well as inside the vagina. This is usually seen in menopausal women.
    • It’s a benign condition.
    • If there is concern about anything more serious, you should contact your doctor.

Healthline


This condition may show similar symptoms to:

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Menopause in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

  • Medical News Today

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  • NHS

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  • Cleveland Clinic

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  • Verywell Health

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  • Nathnac

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  • DR Axe

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  • Better health - NHS

    Healthy changes start with little changes. Whether you want to lose weight, drink less alcohol, get active or quit smoking, you have access to lots of free tools and support through Better Health. You can also find simple ways to lift your mood with Every Mind Matters.

    There has never been a better time to kickstart your health. Let’s do this!