Anuresym (Check if have lump on stomach and/or stomach full of air (not decreasing), Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)- lump on arms and/or legs (normally below knee or on ankles or feet) | Medtick
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Anuresym (Check if have lump on stomach and/or stomach full of air (not decreasing), Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)- lump on arms and/or legs (normally below knee or on ankles or feet)

What is it?

An aneurysm is a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches. As blood passes through the weakened blood vessel, the blood pressure causes a small area to bulge outwards like a balloon.

Aneurysms can develop in any blood vessel in the body, but the most common places are:

  • The abdominal aorta (Stomach region)– the artery that transports blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
  • Thoracic (located in the chest)
  • The brain
  • Arms and legs (where blood clots develop in aneurysm).
Symptoms are experienced when weak blood vessels burst and can be fatal (it tends to occur more in colder months).

Diagnosis tests

  • One can try the Homan sign (see images above) and use as a guide to see if have symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis in legs.
  • One can consider the Wells scoring system and use as a guide to see if have symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis.
  • Contrast-enhanced CT scan
  • Other test include:
    • Blood test -D-dimer assay; levels of antithrombin III, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate
      • The D-dimer level may be elevated in any medical condition where clots form, including trauma, recent surgery, haemorrhage (bleeding), cancer, and sepsis.
      • Many of these conditions are associated with higher risk for DVT.
      • D-dimer levels remain elevated in DVT for about 7 days

Results

  • A negative D-dimer assay result rules out DVT in patients with low to moderate risk (Wells DVT score < 2).
  • A negative result also obviates surveillance and serial testing in patients with moderate to high risk and negative ultrasonographic findings.
  • All patients with a positive D-dimer assay result and all patients with a moderate to high risk for DVT (Wells DVT score >2) require a diagnostic study (duplex ultrasonography).

Medscape

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms risk rupture

Untreated Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms are at risk for rupture when dilation of the vessel increases beyond 5.5 cm. The risk for rupture increases progressively with continued heavy smoking, poor control of blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and age.

  • < 4 cm in diameter: 0% risk
  • 4-4.9 cm in diameter: 0.5%-5% risk
  • 5-5.9 cm in diameter: 3%-15% risk
  • 6-6.9 cm in diameter: 10%-20% risk
  • 7-7.9 cm in diameter: 20%-40% risk
  • 8 cm in diameter: 30%-50% risk

The Joint Council of the American Association for Vascular Surgery and the Society for Vascular Surgery:

Brewster DC, Cronenwett JL, Hallett JW Jr, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Report of a subcommittee of the Joint Council of the American Association for Vascular Surgery and Society for Vascular Surgery. J Vasc Surg. 2003;37:1106-1117.

Cause

Syndromes

Medication

Symptoms

Head

  • Severe and sudden ‘Thunderclap’ headache (sudden hit on the head causing pain unlike anything experienced before)?
  • Low grade fever with no oblivious cause?
  • Severe weakness?
  • Severe balance and dizziness?
  • Stiff neck?
  • Constant hiccups?
  • Nausea and vomiting?
  • Severely Sensitive to light?

Chest 

  • Sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breaths?
  • Persistent cough and not relieved by medication/Coughing up blood?
  • Fast rate breathing (Tachypnoea- respiratory rate > 18 breaths/min)?
  • Fast rate heart beat?
  • Heaviness and uncomfortableness in their chest?

Arms/Legs

  • A pulsating lump that can be felt?
  • Leg or arm pain or cramping with exercise?
  • Leg or arm pain at rest?
  • Painful sores or ulcerations involving toes or fingers?
  • Radiating pain or numbness in leg or arm?
  • Black or dark green bruised skin on lump and surrounding area?
  • One or both arms or ankles/legs swollen respectively?

Stomach/Abdomen

  • Nausea and vomiting (not always)?
  • Hugh or increase in swelling over liver/or spleen area?
  • Hugh or increase in swelling over stomach area (not due to have eaten food or wind)?
  • Severe abdominal pain?
  • Back pain?
  • Balance and dizziness (not always)?
  • Bleeding through any orifice (not always)?
  • May have both legs swollen (swollen ankles)?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Medical Emergency Condition

Do not wait, phone an ambulance if have or develop:

  • Rhabdomyolysis (Crush syndrome)
  • CNS depression
  • One side leg with breathing difficulties/short of breath and/or persistent cough/heaviness and uncomfortableness in their chest
  • Low oxygen levels (use a finger pulse oximeter- reading of 90% or lower) and fast heart beat

This condition can cause the symptom of and lead to:

Driving Authority

This condition  may have similar symptoms to:

Oesophagus and chest:

Stomach:

  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI)- sudden disruption of blood flow to the small intestine. This disturbance is typically caused by a dislodged embolus or thrombus (lump or blood clot) that originated elsewhere in a patient’s blood circulation system usually within the aorta.
  • Chronic (long term) mesenteric ischemia (CMI)- like AMI but it the clot develops slowly causing a steady reduction in blood flow to the intestine.

Legs:

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

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