Steven-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (Widespread blistering rash with allergy, fever and cough symptoms)

What is it?

Steven-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare yet severe skin condition involving blistering and skin peeling, it is distinguished by the area it affects the body.

Steven-Johnson syndrome less intense than toxic epidermal necrolysis the skin affected and peeling might affect less than 10% of the entire body.
Regarding the condition toxic epidermal necrolysis the skin affected and peeling affects more than 30% of the body.

Cause

Unknown
Weak immune system
Family history
Carry a gene called gene called HLA-B 1502 (mainly Chinese, Southeast Asian or Indian descent)
Bone marrow transplant
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Long term bone and joint disease
Severe allergic reaction
Infection:
- Herpes virus (herpes simplex or herpes zoster) i.e.
  - Chicken pox
  - Shingles
- Pneumonia
- HIV
- Hepatitis A

Medication

(Approximately one to three weeks after the person has begun taking a medication and may persist for three months):

Allopurinol
Blood pressure medication: Diltiazem
Barbiturates
Sulfonamide medication
Epilepsy and pain relief medication
Antipsychotics
Antidepressant – sertraline (Lustral), fluoxetine (Prozac), Mirtazapine
Heartburn and stomach ulcer medication: Pantoprazole
Pain relievers: Paracetamol (Tylenol)
DPP-4 inhibitors
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
Antibiotics
- Strong association:
  - Co-trimoxazole
  - Nevirapine
  - Trimethoprim
- Less strong association:
  - Amoxicillin
  - Cephalosporins
  - Macrolides
  - Quinolones
  - Tetracyclines
- Weak association:
  - Nitrofurantoin
  - Vancomycin

There has been some associated Steven-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis reaction with certain ethnic groups, please click link to check.

Source: Cleveland Clinic

Source: EyeWorld

Source: Prime Health Channel

Source: World Articles in Ear, Nose and Throat

Source: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4670236/Man-thought-manflu-struck-rare-condition.html

Symptoms

Fever?
Sore mouth and throat?
General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
Cough?
Burning eyes?
Unexplained widespread skin pain?
A red or purple skin rash that spreads?
Peeling and/or Shedding of your skin within days after blisters form?
Body aches?
Blisters and sores on the skin and on mucus membranes of the mouth, nose ,throat, eyes, genitals, and anus?
Drooling (because closing the mouth is painful)?
Eyes sealed shut (due to blisters and swelling)?
Painful urination (urine stinging the blisters and skin)?

Nail changes:

Pterygium nails?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Medical Emergency Condition

And/or do not wait, phone for an ambulance if have or develop:

Sepsis
Severe eye redness and blindness
Severe breathing difficulties

This condition can lead to:

Cellulitis
Severe skin damage and cause hair to fall out and nails to grow abnormally

This condition may show similar symptoms to:

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Steven-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (Widespread blistering rash with allergy, fever and cough symptoms) in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

Medical News Today
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Healthline
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EveryDay Health
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Pharmaceutical Journal (Professional level)
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NHS
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WebMD
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Cleveland Clinic
Pushing the Standards of care.
Mayo Clinic
No.1 Hospital in the Nation (America)
Drugs.com
Know more. Be sure.
National Organisation of Rare Diseases
NORD is dedicated to supporting education, elevating care, advancing research, and driving policy for rare diseases.
Verywell Health
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Nathnac
Travel health guidance for health professionals advising travellers and for travellers going overseas from the UK.
DR Axe
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Better health - NHS
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